The Encyclopaedia Britannica entry is succinct… Corrado Gini, (born 23 May 1884, Motta di Livenza, Treviso, Italy – died 13 March 1965, Rome), Italian statistician and demographer. The name, to the vast majority of humanity, doesn’t mean a thing (unless you’re an economist). His work, though, is another matter. Gini was the originator – in 1912 – of the Gini coefficient, which measures income inequality.